oceans aware: inform, inspire, involve
the more you know about the ocean the more you can do to protect and restore it
links
International organizations
CBD: Convention Biological Diversity (Secretariat), Montreal, Canada
CLCS: Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf, New York, USA
CITES: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (Secretariat), Geneva, Switzerland
CMS: Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (Secretariat), Bonn, Germany
DOALOS: Division for Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea of the United Nations, New York, USA
FAO: Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
ICPC: International Cable Protection Committee, Lymington, UK
ICS: International Chamber of Shipping, London, UK
IEA: International Energy Agency, Paris, France
IHO: International Hydrographic Organization, Monaco
ILO: International Labour Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
IMO: International Maritime Organization, London, UK
IOC/UNESCO: Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Paris, France
IPCC: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneva, Switzerland
IRENA: International Renewable Energy Agency, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
ISA: International Seabed Authority, Kingston, Jamaica
ITLOS: International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, Hamburg, Germany
IWC: International Whaling Commission, Cambridge, United Kingdom
UN: United Nations, New York, USA
UNEA: United Nations Environment Assembly, Nairobi, Kenya
UNEP: United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
UNEP-WCMC: United Nations Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK
UNFCCC: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Bonn, Germany
UN-OCEANS: United Nations-Oceans, New York, USA
UNWTO: United Nations World Tourism Organization, Madrid, Spain
WMO: World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
WTO: World Trade Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
Regional organizations involved in maritime affairs
African Union Maritime Strategy: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
The Antarctic Treaty Secretariat: Buenos Aires, Argentina
The Arctic Council: Tromsø, Norway
ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations Cooperation on Coastal and Marine Environment: Jakarta, Indonesia
CARICOM: Caribbean Community: Turkeyen Georgetown, Guyana
Caribbean Sea Commission: Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago
CEPAL/ECLAC: Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe/Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean: Santiago, Chile
Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR): Hobart, Australia
European Commission Maritime Affairs : Brussels, Belgium
HELCOM: Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission (Helsinki Commission): Helsinki, Finland
OSPAR Commission: London, UK
Pacific Island Forum: Suva, Fiji
Non-governmental organizations, foundations, ocean-related institutes
Antarctic and Southern Ocean Commission
Clear Seas: Vancouver, Canada
Coral reef alliance: Oakland, USA
Coral gardeners: Morea, French Polynesia
Deep Ocean Stewardship Initiative
Discovery of Sound in the Sea (DOSITS): Rhode Island, USA
Friends of the Earth: Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Global Ghost Gear Initiative (GGGI)
Global Fishing Watch: Washington DC, USA
Greenpeace International: Amsterdam, the Netherlands
International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI): Waco, USA
MarineBio Conservation Society: Houston, USA
Mission Blue, Napa, USA
The Ocean Agency, Newport, USA
The Ocean Cleanup, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Ocean Gardeners, Bali, Indonesia
Ocean Tracking Network (OTN), Dalhousie University, Canada
Ocean Unite, Washington, USA
One Earth One Ocean, Munich, Germany
The Plastic Soup Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Plastic Oceans International, Malibu, USA
Polar Bears International, Winnipeg, Canada
Partnership for Regional Ocean Governance (PROG), Potsdam, Germany
Protected Planet (a joint project of IUCN and UNEP)
SECORE International, Ohio, USA:
Seagrass Watch, Clifton Beach, Australia
Seas at risk, Brussels, Belgium
Sustainable Fisheries, Seattle, USA
World Ocean Council, Honolulu, USA
World Resources Institute, Washington, USA
World Wildlife Fund for Nature, Gland, Switzerland
WWF Protecting Whales and Dolphins Initiative, Gland, Switzerland
International agreements and conventions (dates indicate adoption/entry into force - where applicable)
Climate Change
Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1997/2005)
Paris Agreement (2015/2016)
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992/1994)
Fisheries
Cape Town Agreement of 2012 on the Implementation of the Provisions of the 1993 Protocol relating to the Torremolinos International Convention for the Safety of Fishing Vessels (2012/not yet in force)
FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (1995/NA)
FAO Voluntary Guidelines for Catch Documentation Schemes (2017/NA)
FAO Voluntary Guidelines for Flag State Performance (2014/NA)
ILO Work in Fishing Convention No. 188 (C188) (2007/2017)
International Guidelines for the Management of Deep-sea Fisheries (2008/NA)
Law of the Sea
Convention on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone (1958/1964)
Convention on the High Seas (1958/1962)
Convention on Fishing and Conservation of the Living Resources of the High Seas (1958/1966)
Convention on the Continental Shelf (1958/1964)
Optional Protocol of Signature concerning the Compulsory Settlement of Disputes (1958/1962)
UNCLOS/United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (1982/1994)
Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction (2023/not yet in force).
Marine Environment
Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal (1989/1992)
Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage (1972/1975)
Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar Convention) (11971/1975)
The Honolulu Strategy: A Global Framework for Prevention and Management of Marine Debris (2011/NA)
Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) (2001/2004)
Marine Life
Agreement on the Conservation of Polar Bears (1973)
CBD/Convention on Biological Diversity (1992/1993)
CCAS/Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Seals (1972/1978)
CITES/Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (1973/1975)
CMS/Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (1979/1983)
Inter-American Convention for the Protection and Preservation of Sea Turtles (1996/2001)
International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling (1946)
Polar regions
Agreement on Enhancing International Arctic Scientific Cooperation (2017/2018)
Antarctic Treaty (1959/1961)
Madrid Protocol/Antarctic Treaty Environmental Protocol (1991/1998)
Shipping
Key IMO Conventions
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) (1974/1980) , as amended
International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), (1973/1983) as modified by the Protocol of 1978 and by the Protocol of 1997
International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW), (1978/1984) as amended, including the 1995 and 2010 Manila Amendments
Other conventions relating to maritime safety and security and ship/port interface
Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREG) (1972/1977)
Convention on Facilitation of International Maritime Traffic (FAL) (1965/1967)
International Convention on Load Lines (LL) (1966/1968)
International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue (SAR) (1979/1985)
Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Maritime Navigation (SUA) (1988/1992) and the Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Fixed Platforms located on the Continental Shelf (2005/2010)
International Convention for Safe Containers (CSC) (1972/1977)
Convention on the International Maritime Satellite Organization (IMSO) (1976/1979)
The Torremolinos International Convention for the Safety of Fishing Vessels (SFV), (1977), superseded by the The 1993 Torremolinos Protocol; Cape Town Agreement of 2012 on the Implementation of the Provisions of the 1993 Protocol relating to the Torremolinos International Convention for the Safety of Fishing Vessels (2012/not yet in force)
Special Trade Passenger Ships Agreement (STP) (1971/1974) and Protocol on Space Requirements for Special Trade Passenger Ships, (1973/1977)
Other conventions relating to prevention of marine pollution
Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter (LC) (1972/1975) and the 1996 London Protocol (1996/2006)
International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-operation (OPRC) (1990/1995)
International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-fouling Systems on Ships (AFS) (2001/2008)
International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments (2004/2017)
The Hong Kong International Convention for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships (2009/2025)
Conventions covering liability and compensation
International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage (CLC) (1969/1975), replaced by 1992 Protocol to the International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage (FUND 1992) (1992/1996)
Convention relating to Civil Liability in the Field of Maritime Carriage of Nuclear Material (NUCLEAR) (1971/1975)
Athens Convention relating to the Carriage of Passengers and their Luggage by Sea (PAL) (1974/1987), with protocol (2002/2014)
Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims (LLMC), (1976/1986) with protocol (1996/2004)
International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea (HNS), (1996/not in force), superseded by Protocol (2010/not yet in force)
International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage (2001/2008)
Nairobi International Convention on the Removal of Wrecks (2007/2015)
Other subjects
International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships (TONNAGE) (1969/1982)
International Convention on Salvage (SALVAGE) (1989/1996)
Convention establishing IMO
Underwater Cultural Heritage
Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage (2001/2009)
Ocean-related targets and statements (chronological)
Agenda 21, chapter 17 (1992)
Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development, Johannesburg (1992)
Aichi Bodiversity Targets (2011)
The Future we Want (2012)
2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (2015)
Marine scientific research institutes and initiatives (selection)
Marine Research Institutes worldwide
Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany
Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation (CMRE), La Spezia, Italy
French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea (IFREMER), Brest, France
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research (GEOMAR), Kiel, Germany
Institute of Marine Environment and Resources, (IMER), Hai Phong City, Vietnam
Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Bergen, Norway
Mayflower Autonomous Ship (MAS), Chester, USA
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Auckland, New Zealand
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Washington DC, United States of America
The Nippon Foundation-GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project
Ocean 300, Singapore
OCEANX, New York, United States of America
Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, United Kingdom
REVOcean, Fornebu, Norway
Scripps Institute of Oceanography, San Diego, United States of America
Schmidt Ocean Institute, Palo Alto, United States of America
Smithsonian Ocean, Washington, United States of America
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, Falmouth, United States of America
Maps and databases (global)
Global Climate Observing System
Global Fishing Watch Vessel Tracking Map
Global Marine Species Assessment
Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS)
Ocean Marine Life Encyclopaedia
Ocean Watch (World Resources Insitute)
Ramsar Sites Information Service
Regional Fishery Bodies Map Viewer
The Royal Society maps of metal, genetic and chemical resources of the Area
State of the World’s Fisheries and Aquaculture
World Database on Protected Areas
World Register of Deep-Sea Species (WoRDSS)
World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS)
Regional/national databases
More ocean resources
UN Secretary-General’s Reports on Oceans and the Law of the Sea
Living with the oceans
The Future of Fish – The Fisheries of the Future
Marine Resources – Opportunities and Risks
Sustainable Use of Our Oceans – Making Ideas Work
Coasts – A Vital Habitat Under Pressure
The Arctic and Antarctic – Extreme, Climatically Crucial and In Crisis
The Ocean, Guarantor of Life – Sustainable Use, Effective Protection